"The Effect of Problem-Based Learning on Metacognitive Ability in the Conjecturing Process of Junior High School Students"

This study aimed to analyze the effect of problem-based learning on metacognitive abilities in the conjecturing process of junior high school students. To reach this purpose, a mixed-methods design, which is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, was used. +e quantitative method was used to analyze the metacognitive abilities of the students’ conjecturing process, while the qualitative method was used to explore observation and interview data. +e subjects of this study consisted of 60 eighthgrade students. Two learning models were compared, namely the problem-based learning model and the conventional learning model. +e metacognitive abilities of students’ conjecturing process were measured by a pattern generalization problem-solving test. After collecting the data and analyzing them through the independent-samples t-test, it was revealed that the PBL had a significant effect on the metacognitive abilities of students’ conjecturing process in solving pattern generalization problems. Finally, based on the, some conclusions and implications were suggested

Nuevas formas de aprender: La formación docente frente al uso de las TIC

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have become a decisive resource in the field of education, and at the same time, an indispensable variable in the academic practice where we seek to use each one of the resources offered by Web 2.0. The objective of this article is to perform a critical analysis and review of the conceptual aspects of teacher training, the use of the ICTs and their implications in teacher’s daily work, as well as in the teaching-learning process. Finally, it is concluded to highlight the importance of the creation of pedagogical dimensions that indicate the training competencies a teacher must have given the new technological tendency.Las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC), se han convertido en un recurso determinante en el campo educativo, y a la vez  una variable indispensable en la práctica académica donde se busca aprovechar cada uno de los recursos que nos ofrece la Web 2.0. El objetivo de este artículo es realizar un análisis y revisión crítica de los aspectos conceptuales frente a la formación del docente, en el uso de las TIC y su implicancia en su labor diaria, así como en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Se concluye en resaltar la importancia de la creación de dimensiones pedagógicas que señalen las competencias de formación, que debe presentar un docente, frente a la nueva tendencia tecnológica

SOCIAL DAMAGE AND THE NEED FOR THE FIGURE OF THE SOCIAL ACTOR

The acts of corruption of public officials in Peru generate damages to supra-individual interests, because the right to "social welfare" of the citizens is violated (art. 44 of the Constitution) which the State guarantees, and therefore the obligation to compensate arises (art. 35 of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption), and to determine who would intervene as a legitimate subject would be the anti-corruption public prosecutor, in such a way that the violated interest that only has a diffuse existence and not in the individuality of the persons is guaranteed

Narrative Review on the Therapeutic Approach to Violence against Women during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Latin America

Violence against women during the pandemic has become a problem that has affected the world and to date has caused the death of many women. Although mental health has shown a growing interest in research, it is still very susceptible to being affected. This research described the scientific literature on the challenges in the psychotherapeutic approach in victims of violence against women during the COVID-19 pandemic in Latin America. A narrative review was carried out with a search of documents in the Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed databases, using descriptors for women, violence against women, COVID-19 and Latin America. As a result, 12 studies were included, which reported that the use of helplines, digital platforms of care and teletherapy were advantageous in several Latin American countries during the pandemic; difficulties were found in the accessibility of care for cases, collapse of telephone lines, technical problems of the system and the need for training for health professionals and service providers. It can be concluded that the coping strategies most used during the pandemic were the help services, through telephone and virtual care; there was difficulty in following up and monitoring the case in the medium and long terms, so further studies could focus on it. The main limitation of this work is methodological, since a number of studies could have been excluded from the searches for not including some of the terms in the search equation

Necesidad de promoción, prevención e intervención en salud mental en el Perú

Leímos con interés el artículo de Muñoz-Rodríguez y Basco (1) que detecta niveles de síntomas de salud mental y apoyo social en residentes de un distrito de Mendoza (Argentina). A partir del cual presentamos una reflexión orientada a la acción en torno al cuidado y la investigación psicológica de la salud mental en el Perú.La salud mental abarca una serie de concepciones que se enlazan al “bienestar”, una de las definiciones más mencionadas es la de la OMS que indica a la salud mental como el estado de bienestar que le permite a un ser humano sacar su potencial y hacer frente a las dificultades de la vida.La afección de la salud mental puede funcionar como un obstáculo para que el individuo llegue a ser lo que desea ser, no avanzando dentro de su proyecto  de vida (2). Y analizando la evolución, en las últimas décadas, de cómo varios países se han centrado en propuestas de trabajo para promocionar el camino de las políticas y prácticas de la investigación en salud mental (3), en el Perú en los últimos ha incrementado la prevalencia de las cifras de las  enfermedades mentales (4) como lo evidencia un estudio del 2014 en cinco ciudades del interior del Perú encontró que el 29% ha presentado algún trastorno mental en su vida (5) identificándose 4 grupos más frecuentes: trastornos de ansiedad, trastornos del estado de ánimo, control de impulsos y uso de sustancias, lo que indica que las enfermedades mentales en Perú necesitan de más investigaciones que nos acerquen a conocer la realidad.Esta situación nos ayuda a entender la importancia de esta variable como eje de bienestar del individuo, y la definición de una política que fomente la prevención a través de los ejes formativos y de investigación del profesional especialista en salud mental; por lo que resulta necesario el impulso en promoción, prevención e intervención dada la magnitud y el impacto que suponen las enfermedades mentales, y la escasez de profesionales de la salud mental o con formación ad hoc y en investigación

BETWEEN BIOETHICS AND TRANSHUMANISM: REMARKABLE PERSPECTIVES AND ACUTE CHALLENGES IN TRANSIT TO A POSSIBLE DYSTOPIAN FUTURE

Transhumanism, nowadays, is being incorporated into mass culture due to the fact that an increasing number of scientists are beginning to take very seriously the wide range of possibilities it comprises. The aim of this paper is to present an analysis of the problems and dilemmas faced by bioethics and its aspects in relation to transhumanism, showing the ideas in which convergence and divergence can be seen with respect to achievements and perspectives. It also shows the analysis of the current trends from different perspectives (social, legal, technological, moral, philosophical) in which transhumanism has been positioning itself and generating new panoramas. In the same direction, an aspect derived from such development is presented: neuderlaw, regarding the scope, perspectives and contradictions resulting from the development of neurosciences and their application in the legal field

THE PRINCIPLE OF INTEGRITY AND THE FRAGMENTATION OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT

Objective: Through this work, a study on the integrity of the human being and the fractionation of public procurement has been carried out.Methods: As part of the study, the authors reviewed scientific works on the subject.Results: After analyzing the contracting law 30225, its regulations and other aspects that are part of the contractual procedure, certain factors have been determined that intervene in the actions of the agents in charge of public contracting, such as: i) normative disparity; ii) incapacity of those in charge of the selection processes; and iii) acts of corruption, which put at risk the denaturalization of the norms, generating the splitting of a contract.Conclusions: The splitting of a contracting procedure corresponds more to a subjective decision where the official or servant in charge of the contracting process has the power to discern the good from the bad. The bad decision that entails an illicit conduct will generate liability

DIGITAL DIVIDE IN PERUVIAN HIGHER EDUCATION: A POST-PANDEMIC REVIEW

By early 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic paralyzed the world, with the origin being the Chinese city of Wuhan. By March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a pandemic.  The dire consequences of this disease were reflected in a historic global recession, and in the health field, SARS-CoV-2 had wreaked havoc, especially in the elderly, due to worse manifestations and higher mortality rates. As a result, most countries were able to curb the spread of the virus by imposing mandatory measures such as not leaving their homes and very strict timetables. Among the measures considered was the closure of educational institutions, including universities. At that time, there was a paradigm shift in the way educators had to change the way they taught classes by making use of various online platforms. Online, distance and continuing education learning became a panacea for this unprecedented global pandemic for both educators and students. In this review, a passage is made through the different scenarios experienced by the COVID-19 pandemic, taking into account several objectives such as: the COVID-19, and the case of universities, the educational transition: from face-to-face to virtuality, challenges and opportunities after the pandemic, and last but not least, how the Peruvian State, was able to cope with the pandemic of Covid-19, and the challenges that should continue to be considered after the pandemic